This is the second most common functional gastrointestinal disorder (after irritable bowel syndrome). Patients can present with a spectrum of symptoms including upper abdominal pain/discomfort, fullness, early satiety, bloating and nausea.
These patients have no structural abnormality as an explanation for their symptoms.
Types of functional dyspepsia
Two subgroups based on the predominant (or most troublesome) single symptoms are suggested:
Ulcer-like dyspepsia with pain centered in the upper abdomen as the predominant (most troublesome) symptom.
Dysmotility-like dyspepsia with non painful sensation (discomfort) centered in the upper abdomen being the prominent symptom. Upper abdominal fullness, early satiety, bloating and nausea may also be associated with the discomfort.
There is considerable overlap between these two groups.
Diagnosis of Functional dyspepsia
Many young patients (< 50) require no investigation. Older patients or those with alarm symptoms require endoscopy . Gastroscopy often shows gastritis but whether this is the cause of the symptoms is doubtful.
Treatment of Functional dyspepsia
The range of therapies prescribed for functional dyspepsia reflects the uncertain pathogenesis and the lack of satisfactory treatment options. Management is further Confounded by high placebo response rates (20-60%). A proportion of patients will respond satisfactorily to reassurance, explanations and lifestyle changes, but anti secretory or prokinetic agents are used for patients with ulcer-like and dysmotility-like dyspepsia respectively. Reducing intake of fat, coffee, alcohol and cigarette smoking may help. H. pylori eradication therapy is often used in functional dyspepsia empirically with varied success. Most gastroenterologists usually try such therapy if only for its possible long-term benefit.
Psychological ailments are major reason for such type of dyspeptic episodes. If all organic causes are excluded visiting a reputed psychologist near you may be of great help.
These patients have no structural abnormality as an explanation for their symptoms.
Types of functional dyspepsia
Two subgroups based on the predominant (or most troublesome) single symptoms are suggested:
Ulcer-like dyspepsia with pain centered in the upper abdomen as the predominant (most troublesome) symptom.
Dysmotility-like dyspepsia with non painful sensation (discomfort) centered in the upper abdomen being the prominent symptom. Upper abdominal fullness, early satiety, bloating and nausea may also be associated with the discomfort.
There is considerable overlap between these two groups.
Diagnosis of Functional dyspepsia
Many young patients (< 50) require no investigation. Older patients or those with alarm symptoms require endoscopy . Gastroscopy often shows gastritis but whether this is the cause of the symptoms is doubtful.
Treatment of Functional dyspepsia
The range of therapies prescribed for functional dyspepsia reflects the uncertain pathogenesis and the lack of satisfactory treatment options. Management is further Confounded by high placebo response rates (20-60%). A proportion of patients will respond satisfactorily to reassurance, explanations and lifestyle changes, but anti secretory or prokinetic agents are used for patients with ulcer-like and dysmotility-like dyspepsia respectively. Reducing intake of fat, coffee, alcohol and cigarette smoking may help. H. pylori eradication therapy is often used in functional dyspepsia empirically with varied success. Most gastroenterologists usually try such therapy if only for its possible long-term benefit.
Psychological ailments are major reason for such type of dyspeptic episodes. If all organic causes are excluded visiting a reputed psychologist near you may be of great help.
1 comment:
I had my first bout of functional dyspepsia about 4 years ago now (although at the time I did not know what it was). I went through two MRI's, multiple blood tests, two endoscopys and saw so many 'ologists' I've lost count. I spent two weeks in hospital before being discharged with no diagnosis and the doctors telling me there was nothing they could do. After about a year the whole thing calmed down. Then just over a month ago it came back, 100 times worse than the first time. I spent another weeks in hospital here I was on IV fluids (because I couldn't drink or eat without vomiting). I had another endoscopy, CT scan, more blood tests, biopsies of my stomach etc. All results were absolutely normal and I tested negative for H.pylori. I have now been diagnosed with functional dyspepsia. As soon as I eat or drink anything my stomach throws a fit. I am currently on so many pills that I don't know what half of them do but I know that none of them are working, While I was in hospital my son found at about dr George cure to functional dyspepsia so i email him and order for his product which i use for 3 weeks, now i can tell you am so happy with my life THANKS TO DR GEORGE. You can always contact the Doctor through his email for more information. (georgeadam65@gmail.com) His herbal is the only permanent cure to functional dyspepsia
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